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For 2023 (and 2024 ...) - we are now fully retired from IT training.
We have made many, many friends over 25 years of teaching about Python, Tcl, Perl, PHP, Lua, Java, C and C++ - and MySQL, Linux and Solaris/SunOS too. Our training notes are now very much out of date, but due to upward compatability most of our examples remain operational and even relevant ad you are welcome to make us if them "as seen" and at your own risk.

Lisa and I (Graham) now live in what was our training centre in Melksham - happy to meet with former delegates here - but do check ahead before coming round. We are far from inactive - rather, enjoying the times that we are retired but still healthy enough in mind and body to be active!

I am also active in many other area and still look after a lot of web sites - you can find an index ((here))
Special characters in HTML

Which are the most commonly used special characters in an HTML stream? Totally unscientific, but here's a table of the ones that I've used in my 4000 or so blog articles thus far, the final column being a count of the number of occurrences.

   23204
• •2126
<1792
£ £502
&284
>95
° °8
© ©8
"7
é é6
€ €4
ñ ñ1
á á1


A couple of comments:

a)   is a non-breaking space. It's used to ensure that a space really shows up as a space and that multiple spaces don't get squished to one (vital with Python source!), and to ensure that two words that need to logically appear together really do appear together. That's very useful at the side of an image to stop a few words appearing, and then a long word that's too wide causes a big white space. By making the first few words into (in effect) one long word, the display is improved.

b) &lt; is necessary for the < symbol in text (and we use it a great deal in source code and HTML examples), so there are a large number of uses of this special code. However, it's not strictly necessary to replace > with &gt; so the count there is much lower.

There is a complete list of the special characters [here] - lots more accented characters, currency symbols and things like &para; for ¶, &reg; for ® and &plusmn; for ± which have never cropped up in previous blogs.

(written 2013-03-09, updated 2013-03-30)

 
Associated topics are indexed as below, or enter http://melksh.am/nnnn for individual articles
W503 - Web and Intranet - Hypertext
  [1034] The new web site look spreads - (2007-01-15)
  [1630] To provide external links, or not? - (2008-05-04)
  [4036] HTML tags uses in these blog articles - (2013-03-09)


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HTML tags uses in these blog articles
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Seed Swap at Well House Manor
Using Pygments to colour our training examples
Cascading Style Sheets and formatting your web page
Special characters in HTML
The VERY basics of a web page ... and web site
Official Star ratings for hotels - still worth having?
Easier public transport from Melksham to Bristol Airport
Showing what programming errors look like - web site pitfall
What is on OUR pond?
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This is a page archived from The Horse's Mouth at http://www.wellho.net/horse/ - the diary and writings of Graham Ellis. Every attempt was made to provide current information at the time the page was written, but things do move forward in our business - new software releases, price changes, new techniques. Please check back via our main site for current courses, prices, versions, etc - any mention of a price in "The Horse's Mouth" cannot be taken as an offer to supply at that price.

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