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For 2023 (and 2024 ...) - we are now fully retired from IT training.
We have made many, many friends over 25 years of teaching about Python, Tcl, Perl, PHP, Lua, Java, C and C++ - and MySQL, Linux and Solaris/SunOS too. Our training notes are now very much out of date, but due to upward compatability most of our examples remain operational and even relevant ad you are welcome to make us if them "as seen" and at your own risk.

Lisa and I (Graham) now live in what was our training centre in Melksham - happy to meet with former delegates here - but do check ahead before coming round. We are far from inactive - rather, enjoying the times that we are retired but still healthy enough in mind and body to be active!

I am also active in many other area and still look after a lot of web sites - you can find an index ((here))
Defining a static method - Java, Python and Ruby

Most methods in classes that your write will be run on / applied to individual objects within that class - you'll be asking for the colour of a marker pen, or setting the price of a hotel room. You will NOT - typically - have a model in which all marker pens share the same colour.

But - just occasionally - you need a method that applies to the class as a whole, and this is known as a class (or static) method, and there are various ways of specifying such methods in your code.

In Java, for example, you can simply declare a method to be static (and you are then limited within the code of the method to only handling static variables in the class, as the method hasn't been run on any particular instance of the object).

In Python (from release 2.4), you can use an @staticmethod decorator before you declare your method that's to be static - see this example. You can also - in all versions - use something like
  counter = classmethod(getcount), and again we have a full example on the web site here

In Ruby, you declare the method name with a leading self. in front of the method name - so you declare
  def getnt()
rather than
  def self.getnt()
You can also use the class name in front of the method name - I show the alternative syntax in a full example [here]
but I'm going to discourage that - for if you rename the class, you really don't want to have to start messing about and renaming methods within the class as well!

(written 2010-02-01)

 
Associated topics are indexed as below, or enter http://melksh.am/nnnn for individual articles
Y212 - Python - Code testing, patterns, profiles and optimisation.
  [235] Preparation for a day's work - (2005-03-04)
  [1140] Python GTK - Widget, Packing, Event and Feedback example - (2007-04-09)
  [1146] __new__ v __init__ - python constructor alternatives? - (2007-04-14)
  [1148] Python decorators - wrapping a method call in extra code - (2007-04-15)
  [1555] Advanced Python, Perl, PHP and Tcl training courses / classes - (2008-02-25)
  [2123] Using Python with OpenOffice - (2009-04-09)
  [3441] Pressing ^C in a Python program. Also Progress Bar. - (2011-09-15)
  [3442] A demonstration of how many Python facilities work together - (2011-09-16)
  [3464] Passing optional and named parameters to python methods - (2011-10-04)
  [3478] Testing your Python classes with the unittest package - how to - (2011-10-14)
  [3658] Using Make for a distribution - (2012-03-17)
  [4090] Test Driven Development in Python - Customer Comes First - (2013-05-16)
  [4326] Learning to program - comments, documentation and test code - (2014-11-22)
  [4344] Python base and inherited classes, test harness and unit testing - new examples - (2014-12-07)
  [4446] Combining tests into suites, and suites into bigger suites - Python and unittest - (2015-03-01)
  [4470] Testing in Python 3 - unittest, doctest and __name__ == __main__ too. - (2015-04-21)
  [4538] Flask and unittest - hello web app test world - (2015-10-15)
  [4540] Unittest of a Flask application including forms - (2015-10-15)
  [4542] The principle of mocking - and the Python Mock package - (2015-10-17)
  [4617] Pytest - starting example - (2016-01-07)
  [4618] Pytest - second example beyond hello world - (2016-01-08)
  [4716] Profiling your Python program - (2016-11-01)

R108 - Ruby - More Classes and Objects
  [184] MTBF of coffee machines - (2005-01-20)
  [656] Think about your design even if you don't use full UML - (2006-03-24)
  [1217] What are factory and singleton classes? - (2007-06-04)
  [1587] Some Ruby programming examples from our course - (2008-03-21)
  [2292] Object Orientation in Ruby - intermediate examples - (2009-07-16)
  [2601] Ruby - is_a? v instance_of? - what is the difference? - (2010-01-27)
  [2603] Ruby objects - a primer - (2010-01-29)
  [2604] Tips for writing a test program (Ruby / Python / Java) - (2010-01-29)
  [2620] Direct access to object variable (attributes) in Ruby - (2010-02-02)
  [2623] Object Oriented Ruby - new examples - (2010-02-03)
  [2717] The Multiple Inheritance Conundrum, interfaces and mixins - (2010-04-11)
  [2977] What is a factory method and why use one? - Example in Ruby - (2010-09-30)
  [2980] Ruby - examples of regular expressions, inheritance and polymorphism - (2010-10-02)
  [3142] Private and Public - and things between - (2011-01-22)
  [3154] Changing a class later on - Ruby - (2011-02-02)
  [3158] Ruby training - some fresh examples for string handling applications - (2011-02-05)
  [3260] Ruby - a training example that puts many language elements together to demonstrate the whole - (2011-04-23)
  [3760] Why you should use objects even for short data manipulation programs in Ruby - (2012-06-10)
  [3781] Private, Protected, Public in Ruby. What about interfaces and abstract classes in Ruby? - (2012-06-23)
  [3782] Standard methods available on all objects in Ruby - (2012-06-23)
  [4366] Changing what operators do on objects - a comparison across different programming languages - (2014-12-26)
  [4504] Where does Ruby load modules from, and how to load from current directory - (2015-06-03)
  [4550] Build up classes into applications sharing data types in Ruby - (2015-10-23)
  [4551] Testing your new class - first steps with cucumber - (2015-10-23)

R105 - Ruby - Classes and Objects
  [983] Blessing in Perl / Member variable in Ruby - (2006-12-14)
  [1925] Introduction to Object Oriented Programming - (2008-12-06)
  [2609] Scope of variables - important to Ruby on Rails - (2010-01-31)
  [2651] Calculation within objects - early, last minute, or cached? - (2010-02-26)
  [3421] Ruby off the Rails? - (2011-09-06)
  [4009] Clear, concise examples - Ruby classes and objects. - (2013-02-17)
  [4502] Reading and parsing a JSON object in Ruby - (2015-06-01)

J706 - Java - Objects and Classes
  [96] Variable Scope - (2004-10-22)
  [477] Class, static and unbound variables - (2005-10-25)
  [1163] A better alternative to cutting and pasting code - (2007-04-26)
  [1296] An example of Java Inheritance from scratch - (2007-08-08)
  [1500] First Class Java. First step and moving forward. - (2008-01-10)
  [1906] Long, Longer, Longest in Java - (2008-11-25)
  [2169] When should I use OO techniques? - (2009-05-11)
  [2422] Looking inside Java classes - javap and javadoc - (2009-09-25)
  [4413] Binomial Coefficient (Pascal Triangle) objects in Java - (2015-02-03)
  [4422] Objects - from physical to virtual or abstract - Java - (2015-02-10)


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Comparing floating point numbers - a word of caution and a solution
Some other Articles
Passing code to procedures and yield in Ruby
What are Ruby Symbols?
Comparing floating point numbers - a word of caution and a solution
Defining a static method - Java, Python and Ruby
String to number conversion with error trapping in Ruby
Neatly formatting results into a table
Constants in Ruby
The Model, View, Controller architecture (MVC) - what, why and how.
Sunday Evening, City of London
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This is a page archived from The Horse's Mouth at http://www.wellho.net/horse/ - the diary and writings of Graham Ellis. Every attempt was made to provide current information at the time the page was written, but things do move forward in our business - new software releases, price changes, new techniques. Please check back via our main site for current courses, prices, versions, etc - any mention of a price in "The Horse's Mouth" cannot be taken as an offer to supply at that price.

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