Perl - map to process every member of a list (array)

Perl's map function (like array_walk in PHP) allows you to do something to every member of a list - thus it often saves you the need to write a loop into your Perl, saves the Perl runtime going back time and again to the interbal byte code generated by the compiler, and can be very efficient.

There aren't a large number of map examples in the training course notes that I use; in Perl there are many ways of doing anything and there are always alternatives but - as appropriate - I do add extra demonstrations in as I present the material. Here - four days into a five day course - are my examples of map so far this week:

@vals = map($_*5,@vals);

Take all the members of a list called @vals, multiply each of them by 5, are return them to a list of the same name (@vals), overwriting the original

$plist = join(", ",map (ucfirst lc, @peeps));

Take each element of the list in @peeps (probably people's names) and convert them all to lower case, then capitalise the first letter of their first name. Join the resulting names together with a space between each of them, and put the resulting single scalar string that results into a variable called $plist

map(printf("%20s %d\n",$_,$counter{$_}),@hio[0..9]);

Take the first ten elements of a list called @hio which in this example contained a sorted list of host computer names) and print out, formatted, the corresponding members of the hash called %counter - which contained elements keyed to those host names, with values which were the number of times that the particular host had accessed our server.

This last example is notable in that it makes no use of (throws away) the list returned by map - which will just be a list of "1" values indicating success - the important result is the effect of the 10 operations of printf
(written 2008-10-09, updated 2008-10-10)

Associated topics are indexed under

P208 - Perl - Lists
  [3939] Lots of ways of doing the same thing in Perl - list iteration - (2012-12-03)
  [3906] Taking the lead, not the dog, for a walk. - (2012-10-28)
  [3870] Writing more maintainable Perl - naming fields from your data records - (2012-09-25)
  [3669] Stepping through a list (or an array) in reverse order - (2012-03-23)
  [3548] Dark mornings, dog update, and Python and Lua courses before Christmas - (2011-12-10)
  [3400] $ is atomic and % and @ are molecular - Perl - (2011-08-20)
  [2996] Copying - duplicating data, or just adding a name? Perl and Python compared - (2010-10-12)
  [2833] Fresh Perl Teaching Examples - part 2 of 3 - (2010-06-27)
  [2813] Iterating over a Perl list and changing all items - (2010-06-15)
  [2484] Finding text and what surrounds it - contextual grep - (2009-10-30)
  [2295] The dog is not in trouble - (2009-07-17)
  [2226] Revision / Summary of lists - Perl - (2009-06-10)
  [2067] Perl - lists do so much more than arrays - (2009-03-05)
  [1918] Perl Socket Programming Examples - (2008-12-02)
  [1917] Out of memory during array extend - Perl - (2008-12-02)
  [1703] Perl ... adding to a list - end, middle, start - (2008-07-09)
  [1316] Filtering and altering Perl lists with grep and map - (2007-08-23)
  [1304] Last elements in a Perl or Python list - (2007-08-16)
  [968] Perl - a list or a hash? - (2006-12-06)
  [928] C++ and Perl - why did they do it THAT way? - (2006-11-16)
  [773] Breaking bread - (2006-06-22)
  [762] Huge data files - what happened earlier? - (2006-06-15)
  [622] Queues and barrel rolls in Perl - (2006-02-24)
  [560] The fencepost problem - (2006-01-10)
  [463] Splitting the difference - (2005-10-13)
  [355] Context in Perl - (2005-06-22)
  [240] Conventional restraints removed - (2005-03-09)
  [230] Course sizes - beware of marketing statistics - (2005-02-27)
  [140] Comparison Chart for Perl programmers - list functions - (2004-12-04)
  [28] Perl for breakfast - (2004-08-25)

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